The query result has groups for unique values of (Country, Region), (NULL, Region), (Country, NULL), and (NULL, NULL). SELECT Country, Region, SUM(Sales) AS TotalSales
#Rowwise grandtotal in oracle11g code
Using the table from the previous examples, this code runs a GROUP BY CUBE operation on Country and Region. For GROUP BY CUBE (a, b) the results has groups for unique values of (a, b), (NULL, b), (a, NULL), and (NULL, NULL). GROUP BY CUBE creates groups for all possible combinations of columns. Finally, it gives a grand total for all rows. In addition, it creates subtotals for each value of Country. The query result has the same aggregations as the simple GROUP BY without the ROLLUP.
Using the table from the previous example, this code runs a GROUP BY ROLLUP operation instead of a simple GROUP BY. NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL -This is the grand total.The column order affects the ROLLUP output and can affect the number of rows in the result set.įor example, GROUP BY ROLLUP (col1, col2, col3, col4) creates groups for each combination of column expressions in the following lists. To do this, it moves from right to left decreasing the number of column expressions over which it creates groups and the aggregation(s). In addition, it "rolls up" the results into subtotals and grand totals. CountryĬreates a group for each combination of column expressions. The TotalSales for Canada and British Columbia is the sum of two rows. The query result has 3 rows since there are 3 combinations of values for Country and Region. SELECT Country, Region, SUM(sales) AS TotalSales This next query groups Country and Region and returns the aggregate sum for each combination of values. The Sales table contains these rows: Country INSERT INTO sales VALUES (N'United States', N'Montana', 100) INSERT INTO sales VALUES (N'Canada', N'British Columbia', 300) INSERT INTO sales VALUES (N'Canada', N'British Columbia', 200) INSERT INTO sales VALUES (N'Canada', N'Alberta', 100) CREATE TABLE Sales ( Country VARCHAR(50), Region VARCHAR(50), Sales INT ) It inserts four rows and two of the rows have matching values for Country and Region. Groups the SELECT statement results according to the values in a list of one or more column expressions.įor example, this query creates a Sales table with columns for Country, Region, and Sales. It can include a computed column that uses xml data type methods. It can include a user-defined function that uses xml data type methods. This also applies to expressions in the HAVING clause. For example, the expression can use SUBSTRING() and CAST().
However, you can use a column of text, ntext, or image as an argument to a function that returns a value of a valid data type. A column of type text, ntext, or image.It can use a column alias for a derived table that is defined in the FROM clause. A column alias that is defined in the SELECT list.SELECT ColumnA + constant + ColumnB FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA + ColumnB The following statements are not allowed: SELECT ColumnA, ColumnB FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA + ColumnB SELECT ColumnA + ColumnB + constant FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA, ColumnB SELECT ColumnA + ColumnB FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA + ColumnB SELECT ColumnA + ColumnB FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA, ColumnB The following statements are allowed: SELECT ColumnA, ColumnB FROM T GROUP BY ColumnA, ColumnB However, each table or view column in any nonaggregate expression in the list must be included in the GROUP BY list: The column must appear in the FROM clause of the SELECT statement, but is not required to appear in the SELECT list. This column can belong to a table, derived table, or view. Specifies a column or a non-aggregate calculation on a column. To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 and earlier, see Previous versions documentation. Non-ISO-Compliant Syntax for SQL Server and Azure SQL Database Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions (Transact-SQL) - Syntax for SQL Server and Azure SQL Database The SELECT statement returns one row per group. A SELECT statement clause that divides the query result into groups of rows, usually for the purpose of performing one or more aggregations on each group.
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